Tartar, also known as dental calculus, is a hard, yellowish-brown deposit that builds up on teeth. Understanding what it looks like is crucial for early detection and prevention. This guide will detail the appearance of tartar, helping you identify it and take appropriate action.
What are the Different Stages of Tartar Buildup?
Tartar doesn't appear overnight. It develops gradually through a series of stages:
- Plaque: The initial stage is plaque, a sticky, colorless film of bacteria that constantly forms on teeth. Plaque is soft and can be removed with brushing and flossing.
- Early Tartar: As plaque hardens, it begins to mineralize, turning into tartar. In its early stages, tartar may appear as a slightly rough, discolored area along the gum line. The color can vary from a pale yellow to a light brown. It might feel slightly gritty to the touch.
- Advanced Tartar: As more plaque mineralizes, tartar becomes more noticeable. It's typically a hard, yellowish-brown or even dark brown crust-like substance that adheres firmly to the teeth, particularly near the gum line. It can extend above and below the gum line. In advanced cases, it may even have a chalky or gritty texture.
How Does Tartar Differ from Plaque?
The key difference lies in texture and removability. Plaque is soft and easily removed with proper brushing and flossing. Tartar, on the other hand, is hard and calcified, requiring professional cleaning by a dentist or hygienist to remove.
What are the common locations of tartar buildup?
Tartar tends to accumulate in areas where plaque is most likely to linger. These typically include:
- Along the gum line: This is the most common location, as food particles and bacteria tend to collect there.
- Behind the lower front teeth: These teeth are often harder to clean effectively.
- On the chewing surfaces of back teeth: Food particles can easily get trapped in the grooves of these teeth.
Can I remove tartar myself?
No, you cannot remove tartar at home. Because it's hard and calcified, only a dental professional can remove it using specialized tools. Trying to scrape it off yourself can damage your enamel and gums.
How can I prevent tartar buildup?
Preventing tartar buildup focuses on preventing the formation of plaque. This requires diligent oral hygiene practices:
- Brush your teeth twice a day: Use fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush, paying careful attention to the gum line.
- Floss daily: Flossing removes food particles and plaque from between teeth, where your toothbrush can't reach.
- Use an antimicrobial mouthwash: This can help reduce the bacteria in your mouth.
- Regular dental checkups and cleanings: Professional cleanings remove tartar and plaque, preventing buildup and potential gum disease.
What are the consequences of untreated tartar?
Leaving tartar untreated can lead to several serious dental problems:
- Gum disease (gingivitis and periodontitis): Tartar irritates the gums, causing inflammation and potentially leading to gum recession and bone loss.
- Tooth decay: Tartar provides a breeding ground for bacteria that produce acids which erode tooth enamel.
- Bad breath (halitosis): Tartar harbors bacteria that contribute to bad breath.
By understanding what tartar looks like and taking preventative measures, you can maintain healthy teeth and gums for life. Remember, regular dental checkups are essential for early detection and treatment of any oral health issues.
